Geopolitics
India's Submarine Sovereignty: How Indo-French Cooperation Challenges Western Defense Hegemony
French shipbuilder Naval Group and India's Mazagon Dock Limited are collaborating to jointly export submarines to a friendly third country while seeking to maintain India's indigenous submarine production capabilities through Project 75 extensions. This strategic partnership demonstrates how Global South nations like India are assertively building self-reliance in defense manufacturing despite Western-dominated systems that historically constrained their technological sovereignty.
